How unemployment is individual and social problem Essay Example for Free

How unemployment is individual and social problem Essay In this essay I will discuss how unemployment is an individual and a social problem and how Max Weber distinguished power, authority and coercion and how the functionalist, conflict theorist and symbolic interaction theory view the economy and by the mid century how they have evolved and the role of these theories to explain social and economic phenomenon. How unemployment is individual and social problem Unemployment is caused by many factors in a modern market economy. It can be caused by rapid technological change, business cycle or recessions, seasonal factors in some industries particularly such as changes in tastes and climatic conditions which affects demand for certain products and services, individual perceptions and willingness to work and search for jobs, their values and attitudes towards some jobs and about employers, accessibility for retraining and acquisition of work skills, willingness and perception of unemployed of the benefits of training and the possibility for them to get a job after the training even though they have a chance to get a job, discrimination in the workplace based on race, color. religion, ethnicity, age and class. It can be seen from the above causes unemployment in a particular period can be a combination of caused by social factors and how the economy as a whole works and also due to the subjective individual factors. In a sociological point of view according to functionalist and conflict theorists the unemployment is caused primarily by the social factors than by the individual factors. However according to Max Weber and symbolic interaction theories individuals construct their own social constructs and perception and they can be subjective in their behavior and there fore can become unemployed even though the actual condition they can get a job in the job market. In summary applying the sociological and the primary causes of unemployment unemployment is individual as well as a social problem in a market economy. As discussed above it is caused by the society as well as by individuals. Even the economy or societal factors are not present unemployment can be caused by individual perception and their own subjective behavior. . Max Weber’s distinction among power, authority and coercion Power can be defined as one person’s ability to influence others does what ever they want even though they don’t like to do what is demanded and they resist doing what is demanded. For example a professor can influence the students to assign work and demand them to do to satisfy some criteria. As well a dictator like Hitler can control all aspects of life because of this ability to impose his will on majority of people. In other words a person or group on other person or other groups can use power legitimately or illegitimately. That is power need not come from proper authority or legitimate authority. That is power and authority can be different in this respect. According to Max Weber authority can arise from tradition, charisma of certain powerful people or from legal-rational. That is authority need not come from any logical reason but likely to come from respect for the past. For example a monarchy in Western Europe can get authority because they ruled the populace over a long period of time. Even the traditional authority can exist in modern democracies because the people respect the monarchy or authority of monarchy at least in a limited symbolic head of states in Western Europe. Authority also can arise from charisma of some powerful people. They have authority because of their charisma. This arises because they have the ability to lead a vast number of people for a particular cause using their powerful charm and influence over ordinary people. For example Martin Luther King, Gandhi. Nelson Mandela is the modern examples of charismatic authority they had because of their ability to charm and influence a vast majority of people for a particular cause. Authority also can arise from legal-rational. That is in society authority is given to individuals and organization based on rationally enacted laws and regulations. This authority is impersonal and differs from charismatic authority because the legal-rational authority is impersonal and the charismatic authority is personal and admired by the people who accept that authority. In modern societies the authority is derived from the legal-rational compared to charismatic and traditional in varying degrees in industrialized societies in particular. Coercion is the extreme manifestation of power in a way threatens the person to complete obedience because it threatens the person coerced physically, financially and socially. This results in persons following the authority of another because of fear rather than will. Coercion is mostly linked with abuse and conflict. Coercion exists in many dictatorships in the past as well as in the present world in many parts of the world where citizens are forced to follow the regime of dictatorship. The view of the economy in the perspectives of functionalist, conflict theorists and symbolic interaction theory Functionalist perspective of the economy In the perspective of functionalist sociological theorist social systems including economy works like a biological organism where every part of the system work in a united manner so that smooth functioning is maintained and so that society builds consensus between different parts of the system.. In this change is evolutionary and the changes take place to minimize dysfunction and to enhance the stability and its survival in the future. In this respect Capitalism will not collapse and will endure in the future as the functions of the system will adjust and evolve so that it maintains the social order and stability without any radical overhaul of the economic system. In addition the social, legal, political, religious systems will not be in conflict with the economic system and work in unison with the economic system so the whole social organism survive and social order is maintained and their functions and their purpose even though different work as a unified system. As discussed above this is the functionalist view of the economy. Conflict theorist view of the economy In contrast conflict theorist believe society do not work as a unified system. Conflict and struggle take place as different groups work to maximize their benefit in the same time other groups loose. Functionalist view conflict in a negative manner. However the conflict theorist see the conflict to some extent is beneficial as it forces the parties to come to a common ground and make the economic system or the social system to change for the better and minimize the losers and maximizing the benefits for a greater number of groups as well make the power system in check so that abuse of power is minimized. In this context the economic system and social order changes continually and changes take place and shaped by different interest groups in varying degrees in a market economy. However Marxism as a conflict theory predicts radical change to the economic system to move towards a socialist system it has not eventuated. However Max Weber as a conflict theory predicts the viability of the market economy with some reform to minimize the negative aspects of capitalism like alienation and the negative impact of bureaucracy in capitalist economies and more democracy in society and continuous reform of the economic system to make it work efficiently but also effectively by legal, social and political reform appropriate to a countries historical, cultural, political and social context.

The Cask Of The Amontillado - Revenge :: essays research papers

A Tale of Revenge in The Cask of the Amontillado "The Cask of Amontillado" is a powerful tale of revenge. Montresor, the sinister narrator of this tale, pledges revenge upon Fortunato for an insult. Montresor intends to seek vengeance in support of his family motto: "Nemo me impune lacessit."("No one assails me with impunity.") On the coat of arms, which bears this motto, appears " [a] huge human foot d'or, in a field of azure; the foot crushes a serpent rampant whose fangs are embedded in the heel." It is important for Montresor to have his victim know what is happening to him. Montresor will derive pleasure from the fact that "...as Fortunato slowly dies, the thought of his rejected opportunities of escape will sting him with unbearable regret, and as he sobers with terror, the final blow will come from the equalization that his craving for the wine has led him to his doom. "The Cask of Amontillado" is about one man's family revenge on another family. In structure, there can be no doubt, that both Montresor's plan of revenge and Poe's story are carefully crafted to create the desired effect. Poe writes this story from the perspective of Montresor who vows revenge against Fortunato in an effort to support his time-honored family motto: "Nemo me impune lacessit" or "No one assails me with impunity." (No one can attack me without being punished.) Poe does not intend for the reader to sympathize with Montresor because Fortunato has wronged him, but rather to judge him. Telling the story from Montresor's point of view, intensifies the effect of moral shock and horror. Once again, the reader is invited to delve into the inner workings of a sinister mind. This part of the story is very disturbing and emotionally unstable. Fortunato undergoes a change from laughter and thinking a practical joke is being played on him to a groaning realization that he is a dead man. This is the place where we chose to make our project. Although several characters are mentioned in this story, the true focus lies upon Montresor, the diabolical narrator of this tale of horror, who pledges revenge upon Fortunato for an insult.

Market for Human Organs

Logan Williams Economics 211 Cupelli 28 February 2013 The Market for Human Organs Richard Knox, a National Public Radio reporter (Richard Knox), states, â€Å"About 75,000 Americans are on the waiting list for kidney transplants. But in the coming year, just 18,000 will get them. † Unfortunately, the transplant list is only growing with each passing year. This means that many people will die on the waiting list and those who are lucky enough to get to surgery may not be strong enough to survive the operation because they have been without vital organs for so long.The legalization of the market would cause more people to donate, evening out the difference between donations and needed transfers. Since the demand for human organs is so high people will do everything in their power to get what they need. Often times this leads to people searching the black market. These organs and operations are not only non-sterile, but can be extremely dangerous as the buying and selling conditi ons are often extremely unsafe. The black market is also known for causing crime, but the offenses committed for human organs a lot of the time involve violent crimes and sometimes murder.The legalization would cause these crimes to almost come to a complete stop. If the human organ market is legalized many more people would be able to get the organs they need. Many more lives would be saved if selling and purchasing organs were legal. Participation in medical research, the selling of blood, eggs, and semen for compensation has become a way for many people to come out of debt or simply have a little bit more money to get by. It only makes sense that if people were given the options to sell their organs more would be involved.With the legalization of the human organ market, people would be more likely to donate their organs knowing that they can get a reward for saving someone’s life. This will help people pay off debts, save money for retirement, or give them more spending mo ney in a safe, reliable way being treated by doctors. When donations are taken after a donor has passed away, the payment would simply be given to a person, institution, or charity chosen by the donor. If it becomes legal to sell organs, it will also become a taxable good, bringing more money into the government.As donation numbers increase, more organs will be available to those in need, and many more lives will be saved. With the increased number of donated body parts, not only will we see direct increases in the number of transplants, but also a tremendous reduction in hospital costs with less people on organ waiting lists. When less money is needed to treat patients waiting for body parts, hospitals can redistribute funds into other branches to buy new technology, hire more staff, or offer more treatment to patients, thus saving more lives.Unfortunately, the many people on the transplant list are slowly dying without any significant treatment. These people know that if they do n ot get any new organs soon, which many realize because they have been on the waiting list for extremely long with no end in sight, they most likely will have to resort to very dangerous ways of getting what they need. They are willing to pay any price so save their lives. This often leads them to the black market.The amount of people involved in the black market is increasing, but untrained people perform surgeries in non-sterile environments leading to risks of infection and possibly death. Another issue with the black market is many poor people become victimized by the wealthy and do not get the money they were promised before the surgery (Growing Market). If the market of human organs was legalized the surgeries would be safer and the money would be guaranteed, leading people away from the dangers of the black market. The black market is notorious for causing crime.Since most people that are in dyer need of an organ don’t care where they are getting it from, people begin s tealing other people’s organs. Many people commit violent crimes or kill for other people’s organs and sell them for their own profit. If organs could be legally sold there would need to be proper identification and paperwork before the surgery could take place, making it so there is not profit in selling organs, therefore dramatically reducing the violent crimes taking place. The legalization would cause the sale of human organs on the black market to almost completely stop.Sadly, the organ transplant list is only growing with the passing time and if there are no changes in how the system is today the donor list will not increase with any significance. If the market for human organs is legalized it would cause an increase in the donor list, money brought into the hospitals and the government. It would decrease the list of people in need of a transplant, the crime rate for organ thefts, the deaths caused by black market surgeries, and could cause an end to the sales of human organs on the black market completely.Without a change people will continue to die waiting for organs they likely never had a chance to receive since the beginning. The legalization of the market for human organs could save many more lives than the organ waiting list is saving now. Works Cited â€Å"Growing Market for Human Organs Exploits Poor. † MSUToday. N. p. , n. d. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. Knox, Richard. â€Å"Should We Legalize the Market for Human Organs? † NPR. NPR, n. d. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. â€Å"Richard Knox. † N. p. , n. d. Web. 27 February 2013 â€Å"Should the Sale of Human Organs Be Legal? † a Debate. org. N. p. , n. d. Web. 27 Feb. 2013.

Essay on The Stranger and the Alchemist - 1130 Words

THE STRANGER and THE ALCHEMIST Belief and Response Essay As one would make it through The Alchemist or The Stranger they would start to notice a clear separation of what each of these books portray. On one side you have The Alchemist which represents more of a positive outlook on life and following your dreams. On the other you have The Stranger which depicts more of a negative connotation on life. Although these two accounts seem far from each other, they present themes throughout the text that show up in both novels. A theme commonly noticed in both books is â€Å"love† and its effects on each books main character. Another is â€Å"the meaning of life†, which explains why we are here on this earth. The last is the idea of â€Å"destiny/fate†, which†¦show more content†¦The â€Å"meaning of life† also shows up a lot in both of these books. In The Alchemist the meaning of life is stated as finding your personal legend and following your dreams. â€Å"†¦whoever you are, or whatever it is that you do, when you really want something, its because that desire originated in the soul of the universe. Its your mission on earth. (pg. 22) Melchizedek states this saying, follow what the universe is telling you to do. That is what you were put on the earth to do. We see The Stranger’s view in the very last lines of the novel†¦ â€Å"As if that blind rage had washed me clean, rid me of hope; for the first time, in that night alive with signs and stars, I opened myself to the gentle indifference of the world. Finding it so much like myself—so like a brother, really—I felt that I had been happy and that I was happy again. For everything to be consummated, for me to feel less alone, I had only to wish that there be a large crowd of spectators the day of my execution and that they greet me with cries of hate.† (pg. 122-123) Meursault finally accepts that death is inevitable and he can’t avoid it. He also comes to a conclusion that life in general lacks meaning and order no matter who you are. At a ripe age of 18 and still much to learn, I seem to think life isn’t based on finding your personal legend. Life is life, and I play it by year and go with the flow. I wasn’t put on this earth forShow MoreRelatedThe Alchemist And Gifted Hands Essay897 Words   |  4 Pagesnot enough for you in the real world. To become a doctor you actually need experience but knowledge is just as important. I believe that this quote can be applied to â€Å"Gifted Hands: The Ben Carson Story† by Ben Carson with Cecil Murphey and â€Å"The Alchemist† by Paulo Coelho, because in these books the author portrays the challenges and hardships the people faced which is their experience and the completion of their personal legend which could also be the character. In the autobiography/biography ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Paulo Coelho s The Alchemist 1378 Words   |  6 Pages EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION ASSIGNMENT NAME: Abhishek Aggarwal DIVISION AND ROLL NUMBER: C-003 DATE OF SUBMISSION: 9th MARCH 2016 Title of the book: ‘The Alchemist’ Written by: Paulo Coelho WHY THIS PARTICULAR BOOK? I have always been interested in books and movies which have a strong message.According to the critics’ review,Paulo Coelho’s books have had a life-enhancing impact on millions of people. It tells people that they should follow theirRead MoreThe Alchemist ( Book )1461 Words   |  6 PagesThe Alchemist (Book) The Alchemist (Book) Archetype Pyramid/ Triangle Three (Number) Context In Santiago’s dreams, he sees that he must travel to the Pyramids of Giza in order to find the treasure that is hidden for him. After meeting with Melchizedek, he realizes that it is his â€Å"Personal Legend† to reach the Pyramids and decides to sacrifice everything that he had to accomplish it. Santiago is given three days to turn himself into the windRead MorePaulo Coelho Books2411 Words   |  10 PagesLife as We Deal with It Warrior of the Light and The Alchemist, by Paulo Coelho, express the truth of life and how to deal with it. People are able to overcome obstacles in their lives with perseverance according to the Warrior of the Light, where Santiago shows perseverance in challenges he is put through during his journey to achieve his Personal Legend, the dream of finding treasure, in The Alchemist. Understanding symbols have been very important throughout decision-making, stated by the WarriorRead MoreA Brief Note On The City Of California1630 Words   |  7 Pagessirens of emergency services being repeated as much as the songs on the radio. As clearly shown, our community was not exactly what my family expected when we moved there. Not only was gunfire a regular background noise, but on multiple occasions, strangers decided it would be acceptable to sneak into our backyard and steal our belongings, which in reality did not have much value. Although most times they would quickly come and go, once the re was a man who wanted more than what was in our backyard.Read MoreAnalysis Of The Alchemist By Paulo Coelho2137 Words   |  9 PagesThe novel The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho was about a shepherd by the name of Santiago, who through a dream found where his â€Å"treasure† would lay. The author of the book Paulo Coelho, was born in Brazil, and has written sixteen books including The Alchemist, and has sold over one hundred and forty million books worldwide. What attracted me to the novel was how there were some supernatural aspects throughout the book. In addition, the supernatural aspects also made the book more enjoyable to read, becauseRead MoreHolding onto Your Dreams in The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho2137 Words   |  9 Pages The Alchemist (Paulo Coelho) â€Å"When you want something, all the universe conspires in helping you to achieve it† -Paulo Coelho Have you experienced holding on to a dream, a dream that serves as your passageway to achieving your Personal Legend? Paulo Coelho’s The Alchemist focused on the concatenation of a boy’s journey in life that began as an unfinished dream which led shepherd Santiago, the boy, to his own Personal Legend. However in the first part of theRead MoreThe Alchemist Symbolism1838 Words   |  8 PagesAn Analysis of Mirage Symbolism In The Alchemist Paulo Coelho’s The Alchemist tells the story of Santiago, a young shepherd living in an abandoned church in a small Andalusian town, who is stripped of his comfortable and safe lifestyle after an encounter with Melchizedek, an Islamic king who tells him of his â€Å"Personal Legend† (21). Melchizedek points Santiago in the direction of his treasure only after taking one-tenth of his money, giving him two stones, and a lesson on reading omens. ThroughoutRead MoreThe Alchemist By Paulo Coelho2307 Words   |  10 Pagesthey usually get what they want! Life is not easy and sometimes it knock us down, the most important thing is to be strong and to get back up. Sometimes we fail to achieve what we want, but the failure is not a failure if we learn from it! In the Alchemist, by Paulo Coelho the boy named Santiago faces a lot of obstacles to achieve his own dream which was to visit the pyramids in Egypt and to find the treasure that he saw in his dream. During his journey, Santiago meets a lot of people and he learnsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Alchemist By Pablo Coelho738 Words   |  3 Pages In The Alchemist by Pablo Coelho, there is a passage that happens right after Santiago is robbed, losing all of his money. In following section he looks back onto himself that has led up to thus far. He starts to have doubts that his Personal Legend is nothing but a rouse to make him give up on everything he had accomplished. He starts to take inventory on the last of his possessions and in doing so finds Urim and Thummim still in has bag telling him he had truly talked to the old king