Indian Telecom Industry - Microeconomic Perspective

CONTENTS 1. Acknowledgement 2. Introduction a. Overview of the Industry b. Timeline of the Indian Telecom Market 3. Market Structure: Present Scenario and Competitive Environment a. Barriers to Entry in a telecom market b. Overview of Market Structure and Evolution c. Universal Service Obligation d. Competitive Profile of the Telecom Sector e. License Conditions Inhibiting Competition f. Spectrum Assignment and Pricing g. Interconnection Charges h. Tariffs for Basic Service i. Features of Indian Telecom Tariffs j. Issues with Present Tariff Structure 4. Microeconomic Analysis a. Demand and Supply b. Costs c. Basic Economic Cost Concepts d. Concept of Costs used for determining prices e. Pricing Methodologies 5. Issues Raised a. Critical†¦show more content†¦Set up in 1997, the TRAI is responsible facilitating interconnection and technical interconnectivity between operators, regulating revenue sharing, ensuring compliance with license conditions, facilitating competition and settling disputes between service providers. The TRAI cannot grant or renew licenses and this remains the DoTs responsibility. The TRAI may also set the rates for telecommunications services. Its decisions can only be challenged by the High Courts or Supreme Courts of India. Table shows a chronological history of Indian Telecom Industry. Mid 80s Department of Telecommunications set up Mr. 86 VSNL incorporated to provide international telecom services Apr. 86 MTNL incorporated to provide fixed-line telephone services in Mumbai and New Delhi Dec. 91 DoT invites bids from Indian companies for cellular licenses in the four metropolitan circles May 94 Government announces the National Telecom Policy, opening up the basic service sector to private players Sept. 94 Entry guidelines for basic services announced Nov. 94 Licenses were issued to cellular operators in the four metros Jan. 95 Tenders floated for basic operators as well as cellular operators in non-metro sectors. 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The Serial Killers Ted Bundy - 1438 Words

Ted Bundy, also known as the campus killer, is one of the United States top known serial killers. This twisted man assaulted and murdered many young girls during the 1970s. Bundy captured his victims by his charismatic and handsome and would win their trust by traits he had. He would act injured or as an authority figure before he murdered and assaulted his victims. After the girls died, Bundy would visit the bodies’ hours later and do sexual things to the corpse until animals would finish the girl completely. Twelve of his victims he beheaded and kept the heads in his freezers in his apartment as mementos. This sick guy never received help and he died in an electric chair since he killed so many young, innocent girls. November 24, 1946, Theodore Robert Cowell, later known as Ted Bundy, was born in the Elizabeth Lund Home for Unwed Mothers in Burlington, Vermont. 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Essay on Malcolm X for modern American history class Example For Students

Essay on Malcolm X for modern American history class This aspect of Malcolms philosophy caused a huge rise in African Americans participation in the Islamic world and their interest in their Islamic roots. He is largely responsible for the spread of the Nation of Islam in Americas black community. There were several aspects of the Nation of Islam that made it different from Orthodox Muslim Church, and these made the movement more appealing to the black ghetto-dwellers. Unlike Orthodox Islam, the Nation of Islam does not believe in the equality of all. They believe in the superiority of blacks, and the inferiority and inherent vileness of whites. This appealed to certain members of the black community who saw the vast majority of your twenty million Negro brothers smothering in an airtight cage of poverty in the midst of an affluent society. (MLK) Malcolm is most widely known as an advocate for black pride. He eschewed anything that could be considered to be a self-denial of ones blackness. One prime example of this in the memoir is Malcolm extreme disapproval of the hairstyle known as the conk. Malcolm saw this as an emblem of self-hatred and the attempt to achieve the impossible and be white by conforming to white standards of beauty. He considered it the emblem of his shame that he is black. (Haley, 65) Malcolm encouraged his followers not to be ashamed of their blackness, and to be proud of it and their African features. He is largely credited with reconnecting thousands of black Americans with their African roots and raising their self-esteem by affirming that being black is not a shameful or unattractive quality. This was a theme that was relied on heavily in the Black Power and Black Is Beautiful movements. Unfortunately, a great portion of Malcolm Xs legacy is tied up in his death. Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965 by three black men. Much controversy surrounds his death, with multiple conspiracy theories circulating. Being assassinated at the peak of his career, when many considered him to be truly beginning to make a difference, elevated him to the status of a martyr. He was perceived as one of the most famous symbols of black pride after his death. Malcolms death actually inspired the co-founder of the Black Panthers, which played a large role in the Black Power Movement. The co-founder, Bobby Seale, reportedly said of Malcolms death, Ill make my own self into a Malcolm X, and if they want to kill me theyll have to kill me Malcolm X had an impact on everybody like that. (Enisuoh) I personally do not believe that the Black Power movement could have been as successful as it was without the rhetoric and presence of Malcolm X. Malcolm Xs inflammatory ideas and manner of speaking translated into the activism of the next generation of civil rights activists, especially in the Black Panther and Black Power movements. If Malcolm had one, lasting message for us today, it would be that blackness does not indicate inferiority. Throughout his life he strove to stress this point to black Americans. He did not want black people to feel that they had to deny any part of themselves; he wanted them to embrace the parts of them that tied them to their African roots. Though his actions and ideas did help form his legacy, he stood for more than that. He stood for Black Power, black independence after centuries of dependence, and loving oneself. Malcolm looked to the self-loathing black man in the ghetto and showed him that he should be proud. .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 , .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 .postImageUrl , .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 , .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63:hover , .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63:visited , .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63:active { border:0!important; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63:active , .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63 .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u222a8ada3713148fc057186766e5ec63:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Joy of Pepsi EssayHe saved generations of black Americans from growing up ashamed or unaware of their race and heritage. For these and many other reasons, Malcolm X and his legacy will never be forgotten. Works Cited Enisuoh, Andrea. The Life and Legacy of Malcolm X. Socialist Alternative. 1993. Web. 13 Oct. 2010. http://www. socialistalternative. org/literature/malcolmx. html. X, Malcolm, and Alex Haley. The Autobiography of Malcolm X. New York: Ballantine, 1992. Print. King Jr. , Martin Luther. Letter from a Birmingham Jail . African Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania. Web. 22 Oct. 2010. http://www. africa. upenn. edu/Articles_Gen/Letter_Birmingham. html. Malcolm X Newsweek. Newsweek National News, World News, Business, Health, Technology, Entertainment, and More Newsweek. Newsweek, 16 Nov. 1992. Web. 22 Oct. 2010. http://www. newsweek. com/1992/11/16/malcolm-x. html. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our University Degree 1950-1999 section.